施工実績

Analysis People

The latest Kangbuk Samsung Wellness Investigation is good cohort examination of Korean men and women, aged ?18 decades, just who undergone an intensive annual or biennial wellness test from the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Full Medical care Locations inside Seoul and Suwon, South Korea. 12 Extremely examinees (>80%) is professionals of numerous enterprises and you can regional governmental organizations in addition to their spouses. For the Southern area Korea, the fresh Industrial Safe practices Law means annual or biennial wellness examination examinations of the many team, free of charge.

All of our data are restricted to Kangbuk Samsung Health Analysis users which undergone an extensive wellness examination out-of , and you will provided advised agree getting linkage on the Medical health insurance Opinion and you will Comparison Solution databases (n=263 http://datingranking.net/tr/wooplus-inceleme/ 532; Figure step one). Into the Korea, medical care try arranged significantly less than a mandatory single?payer across the country insurance coverage program (National Health insurance) one gathers all of the details about medical services play with within the whole Korean population not as much as a thorough databases manage from the Health insurance Comment and you can Comparison Provider. thirteen

We excluded participants with missing data on BP or history of hypertension (n=1018), with history of malignancy (n=6255), with history of CVD (n=3440), or with a diagnosis of CVD (n=10 471) at baseline. Because some participants met >1 exclusion criterion, the final sample size included in the analysis was 244 837 participants (mean [SD] age, 39.0 [8.9] years; interquartile range, 32.2–43.7 years; and young adults aged <40 years of 60.7 %).

Written told concur try obtained from most of the players. The analysis are approved by the Institutional Comment Panel of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital.

Measurements

Data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, medical history, and family history of CVD were collected by standardized, self?administered questionnaires. 14 Smoking status was categorized as never, former, and current smoker. Alcohol intake was categorized as <20 and ?20 g/d, as applied in previous studies. 12 , 15 Education level was categorized as less than college and college education or more. Physical activity was assessed using the validated Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. 16 Participants were classified as inactive, minimally active, and health?enhancing physically active. Health?enhancing physically active was defined as physical activity that meets either of 2 criteria: (1) vigorous?intensity activity on ?3 days per week, accumulating ?1500 metabolic equivalent min/wk; or (2) 7 days of any combination of walking, moderate?intensity activities, or vigorous?intensity activities achieving at least 3000 metabolic equivalent min/wk. 16 Usual dietary intake was assessed using a 103?item, self?administered food frequency questionnaire designed and validated for use in Korea. 17 Daily intake of sodium was calculated by multiplying the frequency of consumption of each food by the portion size and sodium content of each food and summing across all relevant food items. 18 , 19

Height and weight were measured by trained nurses. Body mass index was calculated as weight (in kilograms) divided by height (in meters squared). BP was measured using an automated oscillometric device (53000; Welch Allyn, New York, NY) by trained nurses while participants were in a sitting position, with the arm supported at the heart level after a 5?minute rest. We recoded 3 consecutive BP readings and used the average of the second and third readings in the analysis. BP levels were categorized according to the 2017 ACC/AHA hypertension guideline. 11 Participants without a history of hypertension were categorized as normal BP (< mm Hg), elevated BP (120–129/<80 mm Hg), stage 1 hypertension (130––89 mm Hg), and stage 2 hypertension (? mm Hg). Participants with a history of hypertension were categorized as treated and strictly controlled hypertension (< mm Hg on antihypertensive medication use), treated and controlled hypertension (130––89 mm Hg on antihypertensive medication use), treated but uncontrolled hypertension (? mm Hg on antihypertensive medication use), and untreated hypertension (not using antihypertensive medications).